Simplified Chinese
As flu season approaches, it’s still not too late to get your flu shot.
Release date:
2017-10-24
Author:
Article/Excerpt by Qianxun Life & Health
Source:
Abstract
As soon as the temperature drops, the flu quickly makes its way to us. Following two days and two nights of steady light rain, a sharp drop in temperatures has set in, and many people, unaccustomed to such sudden weather changes, have already begun battling the flu virus.
As winter approaches, the seasonal flu peak is also just around the corner. Starting in September each year, regions across the country gradually enter the high-incidence period for influenza. Staying clear of the flu virus and adopting scientifically sound measures to protect yourself and your family from infection has once again become a top priority.
In fact, influenza itself is not frightening, but it can lead to serious complications, such as myocarditis, viral encephalitis, and viral pneumonia. The culprit behind influenza is the influenza virus, which spreads primarily through respiratory droplets. Infectiousness is highest in the early stages of illness; when patients speak, cough, or sneeze, they release the virus into the air, and others may become infected by inadvertently inhaling these tiny virus‑laden droplets.
In addition, direct contact is another mode of transmission. For example, if a person with influenza touches a doorknob with the hand that covered their cough or sneeze, a healthy individual may become infected by touching that same doorknob and then rubbing their nose or eyes. This risk is particularly high in crowded settings such as kindergartens and schools, where children can easily contract influenza through inadvertent contact. To protect yourself during the winter and spring seasons when influenza viruses are rampant, prevention is far more effective than treatment.
Compared with handwashing—which prevents the virus from entering the body via contact with the mouth or eyes—and with measures such as diet and exercise to boost immunity, vaccination is the most targeted and effective intervention. The influenza vaccine can provide comprehensive protection against influenza for people of all age groups.
Many people worry about the safety of the influenza vaccine. The influenza vaccine is produced by cultivating influenza viruses in chicken embryo protein cultures and then inactivating them with chemical agents, leaving only the antigenic components without any viral activity; thus, it is a very safe vaccine.
The influenza virus evolves annually, and the flu vaccine is updated each year to match these changes and enhance protection; therefore, annual vaccination is recommended. It typically takes 7 to 15 days after receiving the flu shot for protective antibodies to develop, so the optimal time for vaccination is about two weeks before the onset of a major flu season. If you become infected with the influenza virus shortly after vaccination, your body may not yet have produced sufficient antibodies, leaving you at risk of contracting the flu. In China, the most suitable period for getting vaccinated is from September to December.
For older adults, individuals with chronic illnesses, and infants aged 0–6 months, immune defenses are weaker than those of younger, healthier adults. Once infected with the influenza virus, these groups typically experience more severe illness, have a higher risk of developing pneumonia, and are more likely to develop complications affecting other organ systems. Therefore, they should be prioritized for vaccination. Effective vaccination can substantially reduce the risk of serious influenza‑related complications, hospitalization, and death.
At present, all influenza vaccines available in China are trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines, which provide multi‑faceted protection against infection by the corresponding influenza virus subtypes. However, individuals with allergies to eggs or to any component of the vaccine should not receive it. Persons with mild to moderate acute illnesses, whether or not accompanied by fever, should postpone vaccination until their symptoms have resolved.
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